How to Reduce Lipoprotein(a): Effective Strategies for Lowering Your Levels

Key Takeaways

· Lipoprotein(a) is a type of bad cholesterol.

· Lipoprotein(a) levels >50 mg/dL can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases by promoting atherosclerosis.

· High Lp(a) levels can double or triple the risk of heart disease.

· Your Lipoprotein(a) levels are largely determined by your genes.

· Regular check-ups, medications and a heart-healthy lifestyle are key for managing levels.

Introduction

Indians face heart attacks about 10 years earlier than other ethnicities. Rates are three to five times higher in young Indians. The hidden culprit? Lipoprotein(a) or Lp(a).

Lp(a) is now recognized as a major genetic risk factor for early heart disease, especially in Indians. Therefore, measuring and controlling Lp(a) levels is crucial for heart health in Indians.

Curious to learn more about Lp(a) and how it impacts your heart health? Dive into our blog for the full story!‍

What is Lp(a)?

· Lp(a), is a type of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or bad cholesterol.

· Lp(a) is an independent risk factor for heart disease and stroke, as it contributes to the buildup of fatty deposits in arteries.

What is the link between genetics and Lp(a)?

· Lp(a) levels are determined by your genes and are present from birth.

· They double to adult levels within the first 6-9 months of life and stay constant afterwards.

· This lifelong high level of Lp(a) can speed up atherosclerosis.

· This leads to an increased risk of heart attacks 10-20 years earlier than those caused by other known risk factors.

· Familial hypercholesterolemia is a genetic condition that causes very high levels of LDL in the blood, a known risk factor for atherosclerosis. About 33-50% of patients with this condition also have high levels of Lp(a), which can further increase their heart disease risk.

Did you know?

About 25% of Indians have elevated Lp(a) levels (≥50 mg/dl), making it a critical factor to measure and manage.

When is this test recommended?

The European Society of Cardiology, the European Atherosclerosis Society, the National Lipid Association, and the Canadian lipid guidelines recommend routine Lp(a) testing to improve the prediction of cardiovascular disease risk.

· It's advised for those at moderate or high risk of cardiovascular disease, with a strong family history of heart problems, familial hypercholesterolemia, recurrent heart issues, or early heart disease.

· Testing for Lp(a) is recommended for young people if their parents have high levels, and vice versa for children with high Lp(a).

· It's also useful for patients whose conditions don't improve with standard treatments.

How do you check your lp(a) levels?

· To find out your Lp(a) level, you need an advanced lipid profile test, a simple blood test.

· It’s not part of a standard cholesterol test that checks common cholesterol levels.

· Please note that drinking alcohol, taking niacin supplements, aspirin, or oral oestrogen can impact the accuracy of the test results.

What is its optimal level?

High levels of Lp(a) indicate an increased risk of heart disease, even if your cholesterol levels are normal.

‍Are there any symptoms associated with high lp(a)?

Lp(a) itself does not cause any symptoms. Instead, symptoms arise from the conditions it contributes to, such as heart disease or stroke.

How can you manage your heart health if your Lp(a) levels are high?

If you have high Lp(a) levels, here’s how you can manage your heart health:

· Aim for a target Lp(a) level of <50 mg/dL or as advised by your doctor.

· Your doctor may prescribe intensive lipid therapy with medications like niacin, statins, or PCSK9 inhibitors.

· While Lp(a) levels are mostly genetic, lifestyle changes can reduce cardiovascular risk:

- Eat more vegetables, fruits, nuts, and flaxseed to potentially lower Lp(a) levels.

Additionally, learn how to keep your heart healthy and adopt these habits:

o   Quit smoking and avoid tobacco products.

o   Exercise regularly and maintain a healthy weight.

o   Manage blood pressure and diabetes with medication if needed.

o   Find ways to manage stress effectively in your daily life.

o   Get 7-9 hours of quality sleep every night.

Conclusion

In conclusion, monitoring your Lp(a) levels is crucial for understanding your heart disease risk, especially if you have a family history. While Lp(a) levels are primarily genetic, lifestyle changes and proper management can help mitigate associated risks. Early detection through an Lp(a) test provides valuable insights into heart health. Take charge of your well-being—talk to your healthcare provider about Lp(a) testing.

Become Aware today to prevent heart attacks and strokes. Download the Aware Health Rewards app for your FREE Heart Attack Risk Assessment. Stay informed, stay healthy.

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About the Authors
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Dr. Satish Madiraju, a renowned cardiologist is passionate about consumer heart health and is on a mission to prevent a million heart attacks. He shares his expertise not only on heart health but also on leadership, digital health, and improving patient experience.